wing their violent takeover of the city on 26 October. The network described these acts as part of a broader, systematic campaign of genocide, violating international norms and denying victims a dignified burial. “What happened in el-Fasher is not an isolated incident but part of a full-fledged genocide carried out by the RSF,” the organisation said in a statement. The International Organization for Migration (IOM) estimates that 82,000 of el-Fasher’s 260,000 residents have fled after the RSF seized the last Sudanese military stronghold in the region, amid reports of mass killings, rape, and torture. Many residents remain trapped in the city. Al Jazeera correspondent Hiba Morgan, reporting from Khartoum, said that many fleeing residents died en route to Al Dabbah in northern Sudan due to starvation, dehydration, or gunshot injuries. Escapees told journalists that they learned of the deaths of relatives through social media videos posted by RSF fighters. Several videos showing extreme acts of violence have circulated since the RSF overran the city. Targeted Ethnic Killings With communications cut off in el-Fasher, many families remain unaware of the fate of their relatives. Survivors report fears that RSF forces are targeting civilians based on ethnicity, exacerbating the humanitarian crisis. The RSF, which has been fighting the Sudanese army for control of Sudan since April 2023, has roots in the Arab-dominated Janjaweed militia, which was accused of genocide in Darfur two decades ago. Between 2003 and 2008, an estimated 300,000 people were killed, and nearly 2.7 million displaced in campaigns of ethnic violence. Humanitarian groups are warning of an escalating crisis, calling for immediate international attention to protect civilians and ensure accountability for atrocities.