d to health and educational platforms , as well as messaging apps such as WhatsApp and YouTube Kids . Platforms Held Responsible Not Parents or Users Under the new law, social media companies must verify user ages and ensure under-16s are not able to create accounts. Verification may involve: Digital ID checks AI-based facial age estimation Other automated verification systems Companies that fail to enforce the rules could face fines up to AUD $49.5 million (about USD $32 million ). High Court Challenge Filed The Digital Freedom Project has launched a High Court challenge on behalf of teenage plaintiffs, arguing that the law violates young Australians’ implied constitutional right to political communication . Critics also warn that: Teens may migrate to unregulated or foreign platforms Underage users may bypass restrictions using VPNs Age checks may require the collection of highly sensitive personal data AI’s Expanding Role in Regulation The policy arrives as AI becomes increasingly intertwined with social networks from recommendation engines and algorithmic feeds to AI-generated content. Supporters argue the ban will protect minors from harmful content, addictive algorithms, and online predators. Opponents counter that the rule could limit access to positive online communities , restrict educational opportunities , and increase privacy risks through mass identity verification. A Global Test Case International observers say Australia’s move could become a model or warning for other countries considering age-based social media restrictions.